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<chapter id="gbp.releases">
<title>Releases and Snapshots</title>
<para>When branching and merging frequently, the different Debian changelog
entries on the different branches tend to get into the way of the automatic
merge and the the merge fails - leaving the (pathological) merge to the
committer. In order to avoid this &git-dch; offers a way for creating
changelog entries from &git; commits before doing a
release or anytime between releases.</para>
<para>
The simplest way is doing all the changes to the
<option>debian-branch</option> without touching
<emphasis>debian/changelog</emphasis> at all. Then, when done, do:
</para>
<screen>
&git-dch; <option>--release</option>
</screen>
<para> This will look up the latest released version in the changelog,
increment the version in the &debian; changelog, generate changelog
messages from the corresponding &git; commit id up to the branch head and
finally spawns an editor for final changelog file editing by invoking &dch;
<option>--release</option>.</para>
<para>
But what if you want to have an (unreleased) snapshot for intermediate testing:
<screen>
&git-dch; <option>--snapshot</option>
</screen>
<para>will generate a snapshot release with a specially crafted version number
and a warning in the changelog that this is a snapshort release:
</para>
<programlisting>
git-buildpackage (0.3.7~1.gbp470ce2) UNRELEASED; urgency=low
** SNAPSHOT build @470ce29ec7877705c844474a2fd89869aea0406d **
* add support for automatic snapshot
</programlisting>
<para>During subsequent calls with <option>--snapshot</option> this version
number will continue to increase. Since the snapshot banners contains the
commit id of the current branch head, &git-dch; can figure out what to
append to the changelog by itself:
<screen>
&git-dch; <option>--snapshot</option> <option>--auto</option>
</screen>
will fetch the commit id and add changelog entries from that point to the
current HEAD - again auto incrementing the version number. If you don't want
to start at that commit id, you can specify any id or tag with:</para>
<screen>
&git-dch; <option>--since</option>=<replaceable>e76a6a180a57701ae4ae381f74523cacb3152780</replaceable> <option>--snapshot</option>
</screen>
<para>
After testing you can remove the snapshot header by a final &git-dch; call:
</para>
<screen>
&git-dch; <option>--since</option>=<replaceable>HEAD</replaceable> <option>--release</option>
</screen>
<para>
This will add no further entries but simply remove the specially crafted
version number and the snapshort header. Again you can use any commit id
or tag instead of <option>HEAD</option> if you want to add further changelog
entries - or you can (of course) use <option>--auto</option> again.
</para>
<sect1 id="gbp.release.numbers">
<title>Customizing snapshot numbers</title>
<para>If the auto incrementing of the snapshot number doesn't suite you needs you
can give any python expression that evaluates to a positive integer to
calculate the new snapshot number:</para>
<screen>
&git-dch; <option>-S</option> <option>-a</option> <option>--snapshot-number</option>=<replaceable>1</replaceable>
&git-dch; <option>-S</option> <option>-a</option> <option>--snapshot-number</option>=<replaceable>'snapshot + 2'</replaceable>
&git-dch; <option>-S</option> <option>-a</option> <option>--snapshot-number</option>=<replaceable>'os.popen("git-log --pretty=oneline | wc -l").readlines()[0]'</replaceable>
&git-dch; <option>-S</option> <option>-a</option> <option>--snapshot-number</option>=<replaceable>`git-log --pretty=oneline debian/0.3.3 | wc -l`</replaceable>
</screen>
<para>
You can also add the snapshot-number calculation to <filename>gbp.conf</filename>:
</para>
<programlisting>
[DEFAULT]
snapshot-number = os.popen("git-log --pretty=oneline | wc -l").readlines()[0]
</programlisting>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="gbp.release.commit">
<title>More on commit messages</title>
<para>You can use <option>--full</option> to include the full commit
message in the changelog, note that you will lose the formatting though,
since &dch; wraps lines by itself.</para>
<para>Additionally you can use tags to customize the commit message, for
example the git commit message
<screen>
New upstream version
Closes: #1000
Thanks: cool upstream
</screen>
would result in a changelog entry
<screen>
* New upstream version (Closes: #1000) - thanks to cool upstream
</screen>
You can use multiple <option>Closes:</option> tags.
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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